Infiltration involves disseminating individuals loyal to the dictatorship and its ideals across civil society and local community elites. Mao established the People's Republic of China as a one-party communist state under his governing ideology of Maoism. He was a German legislator, organizer of Nazi party and furthermore filled in as Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945. The territory of today's Algeria was the home of many prehistoric cultures, including Aterian and Capsian and the, Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country in Southern Africa. Democracy and Dictatorship: Conceptualization and Measurement", "Democracy and Dictatorship: Conceptualization and Measurement", Divergent Incentives for Dictators: Domestic Institutions and (International Promises Not to) Torture, "Cooperation, Cooptation, and Rebellion Under Dictatorships", "How Foreign Aid Can Foster Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes", "Tyrants and Terrorism: Why Some Autocrats are Terrorized While Others are Not", "Dictatorship: Modern Tyranny Between Leviathan and Behemoth (Version 2.0) (english version)", 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198716204.001.0001, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dictatorship&oldid=1142733963, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. scholarly analysis of Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin and Mao, as well as Kim Il-sung of North Korea; Franois Duvalier, or Papa Doc, of Haiti; Nicolae Ceauescu of Romania; and Mengistu Haile Mariam of Ethiopia. [124], The type of economy in a dictatorship can affect how it functions. Some of the multi-party states with governing communist parties include Brazil, Nepal, India, and Russia. [89] Military coups were also a common occurrence after decolonisation, with 14 African countries experiencing at least three successful military coups between 1959 and 2001. Human habitation in Afghanistan dates back to the Middle Paleolithic Era, and the country's strategic location along the Silk Road connected it to the cultures of the Middle East and other parts of Asia. Negative effects include the unraveling of social organizations and democratic institutions and the prohibition of other political parties. Monarchies: 3. Its capital and most populous city is Algiers. Various forms of dictatorship have been a context in which social and behavioral sciences (SBS) have been developing through most of the twentieth century. [129], Several factors determine the stability of a dictatorship, and they must maintain some degree of popular support to prevent resistance groups from growing. Organizations that maintain moral authority with the public, such as the Church, are often the most targeted by infiltration. Organized opposition is a threat to the stability of a dictatorship, as it seeks to undermine public support for the dictator and calls for regime change. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. The Freedom in the World report evaluates the state of freedom in 195 countries and 14 territories, assigning a score between 0 and 4 in a series of 25 indicators to give a final score of 100. The Countries with Dictatorships in the Modern World As of 2020, there are 52 nations with a dictator or authoritarian regime ruling the country: Three in Latin America and South America, 27 in Asia and the Middle East, and 22 in Africa. But to understand the dictatorship in Cuba . [38] Due to the lack of accountability and the smaller group of elites, personalist dictatorships are more prone to corruption than other forms of dictatorship,[39] and they are more repressive than other forms of dictatorship. [114] The countries of Central Asia did not liberalize after the fall of the Soviet Union, instead forming as dictatorships led by former elites of the Communist Party and then later by successive dictators. In the former, for example, the President must appoint as Prime Minister the leader of the largest party in parliament, who has three days to gain the confidence of a majority thereof. [139], Most dictatorships hold elections to maintain legitimacy and stability, but these elections are typically uncompetitive and the opposition is not permitted to win. A dictator that has concentrated significant power is more likely to be exiled, imprisoned, or killed after ouster, and accordingly they are more likely to refuse negotiation and cling to power. 5. Military dictatorships are controlled by military officers, one-party dictatorships are controlled by the leadership of a political party, and personalist dictatorships are controlled by a single individual. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index has the main regime types of "democracy" and "dictatorship" and three sub-types for each as well. Just like a dictatorship, an autocracy is a government headed by a single ruler (the autocrat) whose decisions are not subject to legal restraints and who exercises unlimited and undisputed power. In the latter half of the 20th century, Latin America witnessed a rise in authoritarian regimes across the expanse of the regionoften with multiple dictators following different political . [1][3] Resorting to democratic concepts by Karl Popper and Joseph Schumpeter, Przeworski defended the minimalist approach, citing Popper that "the only system in which citizens can get rid of governments without bloodshed. [73], The first communist state was created by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks with the establishment of Soviet Russia during the Russian Revolution in 1917. Answer (1 of 9): Depends on what you mean by left-wing. [74] The Bolsheviks consolidated power by 1922, forming the Soviet Union. [3] Elites must also compete to wield more power than one another, but the amount of power held by elites also depends on their unity. The list of Dictatorship countries in Africa includes Nigeria and Zaire. What are the countries with a democracy government? A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. As of 2020, there are 52 nations with a dictator or authoritarian regime ruling the country: Three in Latin America and South America, 27 in Asia and the Middle East, and 22 in Africa. Examples of Fascism. Teodoro Obiang Nguesma Mbasogo overthrew his uncle Macias in 1979 in a bloody coup. They are more likely to end in violence and less likely to democratize than other forms of dictatorship. The communist and fascist dictatorships that arose in various technologically advanced countries in the first half of the 20th century were distinctively different from the authoritarian regimes of Latin America or the postcolonial dictatorships of Africa and Asia. Some have been in power for decades, such as President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial New Guinea. 1. Dictatorships that fail to repress the opposition are susceptible to collapse through a coup or a revolution. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Who Are The Dictators of Latin America? - The Hague Peace Right now, 74% families are homeowners. Modern dictatorships first developed in the 19th century, which included Bonapartism in Europe and caudillos in Latin America. An autocracy, monarchy, and dictatorship. Which countries have dictatorship government? - Sage-Answers [137] In the 21st century, dictatorships have moved toward greater integration with the global community and increasingly attempt to present themselves as democratic. Coercive distribution comprises of distributing welfare and state resources to control citizens and elites. [46], The shift in the power relation between the dictator and their inner circle has severe consequences for the behavior of such regimes as a whole. Malcolm Congal Aidan Julian Haldane, 23rd king of Gwynedd, reigned 1025 to 1074. [2] The inner circle's support is necessary for a dictator's orders to be carried out, causing elites to serve as a check on the dictator's power. 12 Examples of Fascism in History (2023) - Helpful Professor If the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term then, the democracy is mixed or semi-presidential. [135] Negotiated removals are more likely to end in democracy, while removals by force are more likely to result in a new dictatorial regime. Stability can be weakened when opposition groups grow and unify or when elites are not loyal to the regime. A dictator may address the opposition by repressing it through force, modifying laws to restrict its power, or appeasing it with limited benefits. [90] These new African governments were marked by severe instability, which provided opportunities for regime change and made fair elections a rare occurrence on the continent. He all but eradicated corruption. [62][63][64] Maximilien Robespierre has been similarly described as a dictator while he controlled the National Convention in France and carried out the Reign of Terror in 1793 and 1794. Key dictators from 20th century Latin America At the onset of the so-called "third wave" of democracy in 1978, the only democratic regimes were Costa Rica, Colombia and Venezuela. In fact, you may devise any chart you like concerning politics or anything else and label left and right however you choose. [67] In Europe it was often thought of in terms of Bonapartism and Caesarism, with the former describing the military rule of Napoleon and the latter describing the imperial rule of Napoleon III in the vein of Julius Caesar. Laos (since 1975) 1. What is a Dictatorship? Definition, Feature & Characteristics Brion Donal Cinhil Urien Haldane, 25th king of Gwynedd, reigned 1095 to 1120. 10 Absolute Worst African Dictators - Afrikanza The deadliest dictatorships are discussed below. Reading Time: 4 minutes. The first distinction made is whether a democracy's government is responsible to the legislature. whether a majority vote in the legislature can remove the sitting government without cause. The relations between the countries were strained by Soviet attempts to influence Yugoslavia, leading to the TitoStalin split in 1948. A dictatorship is a type of government in which a single personthe dictatoror party has absolute power. Adolf Hitler - WORST DICTATOR. Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the . An appropriate example of this occurred in 2020 when Russian president Vladimir Putin and his party introduced amendments to the country's constitution that reworked term limits, enabling Putin to remain in power until 2036. Changing Human Nature Needs a "Dictatorship of the Proletariat" . [8]:457, The DD dataset is limited to 199 countries after 1946, whereas Boix, Miller, & Rosato, 2013 proposed a data set from 1800 to 2007, covering 219 countries. Albania - Communist Regime 3. W; Alphabetical list of countries; Alphabetical list of countries. If the head of state serves for life or is not popularly elected or a fixed term, then the democracy is parliamentary.[1]. 10 Biggest Countries Ruled by Dictators - Insider Monkey Russia is a federal semi-presidential republic and an oligarchy. Far-left and far-right dictatorships used similar methods to maintain power, including cult of personality, concentration camps, forced labour, mass murder, and genocide. Indeed, the 20th century, which witnessed the careers of Atatrk, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Francisco Franco, Mao Tse-tung, Juan Pern, Tito, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Sukarno, Kwame Nkrumah, and Charles de Gaulle, could appear in history as the age of plebiscitary dictatorship. Interestingly, most modern dictatorships do not use the term "dictator" to. The predominance of violent force in military training manifests in an acceptance of violence as a political tool and the ability to organize violence on a large scale. He became the 22nd president of Liberia on August 2, 1997 and served until August 11, 2003. A personalist dictator will manage these appointees by segmenting the government so that they cannot collaborate. Elections also support the legitimacy of a dictatorship by presenting the image of a democracy, establishing plausible deniability of its status as a dictatorship for both the populace and foreign governments. Synonyms for DICTATORSHIP: tyranny, autocracy, fascism, authoritarianism, totalitarianism, despotism, absolutism, autarchy; Antonyms of DICTATORSHIP: democracy . [47] Personalist dictatorships also experience growth differently, as they often lack the institutions or qualified leadership to sustain an economy. Dictatorship Countries 2023 - worldpopulationreview.com Parliamentary democracy is the same as semi-presidential but has heads of state which are not popularly elected for a fixed term, typically either monarchs or officials not chosen by popular elections. [8]:456. He arose to power in Italy in 1922, following the so-called 'March on Rome', in which his . [111][112][113] Latin America saw a period of liberalization similar to that of Europe at the end of the Cold War, with Cuba being the only Latin American country that did not experience any degree of liberalization between 1992 and 2010. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). [according to whom? List of Top 10 Most Brutal Dictators in Modern History - History Lists Accused of crimes against humanity, Saddam Hussein was sentenced to death in 2006. Africa has several long-standing dictators despite the fact that the continent as a whole is quite volatile politically. Miguel Daz-Canel, the son of Ral Castro who replaced him as president of Cuba, has kept the dictatorship structure in place that was established by Fidel Castro during the Cuban revolution. 10 Dictators Who Were Surprisingly Good - Unbelievable Facts [143], In the 20th century, most dictatorships held elections in which voters could only choose to support the dictatorship, with only one-quarter of partisan dictatorships permitting opposition candidates to participate. 2. Some of the principal drivers of indoctrination are mass education policies, propaganda, and censorship. Single-party dictatorships are one-party states in which only the party in power is legalized and all opposition parties are banned. Political participation: 2.22. Political system - Dictatorship | Britannica Below are 10 African country that are still under dictatorship. The 20th century also saw the rise of personalist dictatorships in Africa and military dictatorships in Latin America, both of which became prominent in the 1960s and 1970s. On average, they last twice as long as military dictatorships, but not as long as one-party dictatorships. 1. Uganda - 1971 to 1979 - Idi Amin Dada. Modern Dictatorships Between 1919 and 1939 there was a great reaction against democracy and dictatorship was established in many countries of the world. Elites in personalist dictatorships often do not have a professional political career and are unqualified for positions they are given. His economic plans have been praised by leaders like Kemal Pasha. - Quora Answer (1 of 66): I will give the country names as well as who the dictator is. Adolf Hitler: 14 most cruel dictators Benito Mussolini: 14 most cruel dictators Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924): 14 most cruel dictators Joseph Stalin: 14 most cruel dictators Mao Zedong or Mao or Mao Tse Tung: 14 most cruel dictators Muammar Gaddafi: 14 most cruel dictators Idi Amin (1920-2003): 14 most cruel dictators [81] These reforms incorporated totalitarianism, fealty to the state, expansionism, corporatism, and anti-communism. United Arab Emirates 2.69/10. [61] In Europe, the Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell, formed in 1649 after the Second English Civil War, has been described as a military dictatorship by its contemporary opponents and by some modern academics. These movements were a response to what they perceived as decadence and societal decay due to the changing social norms and race relations brought about by liberalism. For democracies, it categorizes them into three types: parliamentary, semi-presidential and presidential democracies. Dictatorship - Wikipedia Top 10 Dictatorship Countries - The Borgen Project List of Cons of Dictatorships. The Five Kinds of Dictatorship 1. Several dictatorships have persisted into the 21st century, particularly in Africa and Asia. People living under a dictatorship are often persecuted for unethical reasons, including their religion, sexual orientation, or economic status. Political control is any tactic through which the state seeks to gain compliance from society. [50] Monarchies allow for strict rules of succession that produce a peaceful transfer of power on the monarch's death, but this can also result in succession disputes if multiple members of the royal family claim a right to succeed. [49] In an absolute monarchy, power is limited to the royal family, and legitimacy is established by historical factors. The Soviet economy became unsustainable, and communist governments lost the support of intellectuals. [8]:456, The second distinction made is whether the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term. Imelda Marcos was the wife of Ferdinand Marcos, who ruled over the . If you think that today's world is all about democracy, human rights, and freedoms, you live in a total illusion and you should definitely read our list of 15 countries with dictatorships today. Examples of Dictatorship | YourDictionary Those against dictatorship say personal rights are severely restricted, the system is generally based on force and violence, and it demands complete obedience. [98] Several Middle Eastern countries were the subject of military coups in the 1950s and 1960s, including Iraq, Syria, North Yemen, and South Yemen. But for today, these are the world's dictatorships. Imelda Marcos. [56] Caesar subverted the tradition of temporary dictatorships when he was made dictator perpetuo, or a dictator for life, which led to the creation of the Roman Empire. [48], An absolute monarchy is a monarchy in which the monarch rules without legal limitations. [69], In the time between World War I and World War II, several dictatorships were established in Europe through coups which were carried out by far-left and far-right movements. 8 Current Dictators as of 2018 - The Borgen Project Bettmann Archive / Getty Images. ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world,[26] and one-party dictatorships have continued to expand more quickly than other forms of dictatorship in the latter half of the 20th century. The dictatorship of Francisco Franco in Spain , from 1939 to 1975. In some cases, nations may have multiple ruling bodies or government types, meaning they're not exclusively countries that are governed by dictatorships.
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