(d) Engine to be stopped in cargo tank motor vehicles, except for transfer pump. Trucking Industry - Overview | Occupational Safety and (i) Class 1 (explosive) materials to be protected against damage by other lading. Those rules are called regulations. Some agencies, such as OSHA, refer to their regulations as standards, but they carry the same power the power of the law that called for their creation. Thats an important point. The terms OSHA standard and OSHA regulation are synonymous, so feel free to use whichever you prefer. (1) When a cargo tank is loaded through an open filling hole, one end of a bond wire shall be connected to the stationary system piping or integrally connected steel framing, and the other end to the shell of the cargo tank to provide a continuous electrical connection. (3) There is no connection for return of air from the cargo compartment to the combustion apparatus. (d) Unloading combustible liquids. 49 CFR 172.101 OSHA requires that trucks be immobilized during the loading and unloading process to ensure safety of the workers. 49 U.S.C. Redesignated at 32 FR 5606, Apr. It is not an official legal edition of the CFR. If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the www.ecfr.gov website or have questions about using www.ecfr.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below. Best Practices for Transporting & Handling of (B) Cylinders must be transported in an upright position and securely restrained within the trailer, or loaded into racks, secured to pallets, or packed in wooden or fiberboard boxes or crates to prevent the cylinders from shifting or overturning within the motor vehicle under normal transportation conditions. (j) Except for a cargo tank conforming to 173.29(b)(2) of this subchapter, a person may not drive a cargo tank motor vehicle containing a hazardous material regardless of quantity unless: (1) All manhole closures are closed and secured; and. There must be no tampering with such container or the contents thereof nor any discharge of the contents of any container between point of origin and point of billed destination. (n) Emergency shut down. 32509 of Pub. (d) Multipurpose bulk trucks. (iii) Restrictions on automatic cargo-space-heating temperature control devices. For Federal Register citations affecting 177.834, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. All cylinders must be secured so that no shifting occurs in transit. 177.842 Class 7 (radioactive) material. (3) A qualified person attends the loading or unloading of a cargo tank only if, throughout the process: (i) Except for unloading operations subject to 177.837(d) and 177.840(p) and (q), the qualified person is within 7.62 m (25 feet) of the cargo tank. The diesel engine of a cargo tank motor vehicle may be left running during the loading and unloading of a Class 3 material if the ambient atmospheric temperature is at or below 12 C (10 F). For Federal Register citations affecting 177.838, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. (q) Unloading procedures for liquefied petroleum gas and anhydrous ammonia in other than metered delivery service. (t) Unloading without appropriate emergency discharge control equipment. Loading site when drafting amendatory language for Federal regulations: Cylinders containing acetylene and manifolded as part of a mobile acetylene trailer system must be transported in accordance with 173.301(g) of this subchapter. (3) Self-heating, solid, organic, n.o.s., UN3088, in PG II or III packaged in UN 1G fiber drums meeting the Packing Group II performance level requirements of subpart M of part 178 of this subchapter. WebNo hazardous material shall be loaded into or on, or unloaded from, any motor vehicle unless the handbrake be securely set and all other reasonable precautions be taken to prevent motion of the motor vehicle during such loading or unloading process. https://ohsonline.com/articles/2018/10/01/osha-and-dot-laws.aspx (f) Use of tools, loading and unloading. For Federal Register citations affecting 177.840, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. In addition, each package must be must be placed in a plastic bag which is taped closed and then overpacked in a UN 1A2 steel drum tested and marked for a PG II or higher performance level with insulation material inside to protect the cylinders from fire. WebLogging. Loads are secured and/or covered3. (iii) Separated from hazardous materials classed as Class 3, Class 8 or Divisions 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, or 5.2 by a nine-foot (minimum distance) buffer zone, when in a transport vehicle. If there is an unintentional release of product to the environment during unloading of a liquefied compressed gas, the qualified person unloading the cargo tank motor vehicle must promptly shut the internal self-closing stop valve or other primary means of closure and shut down all motive and auxiliary power equipment. (k) Attendance of Class 1 (explosive) materials. (f) Nitrates, except ammonium nitrate having organic coating, must be loaded in closed or open type motor vehicles, which must be swept clean and be free of any projections capable of injuring bags when so packaged. The following table is to be used in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (b) of this section: Note: The distance in this table must be measured from the nearest point on the nearest packages of Class 7 (radioactive) material. Loading The Division 6.1 PG I, Hazard Zone A materials must be loaded on pallets and separated from the Class 3, Class 4, Class 5, and Class 8 materials by a minimum horizontal distance of 2.74 m (9 feet) when in conformance with the following: (1) The TIH materials are packaged in combination packagings as prescribed in 173.226(c) of this subchapter. The procedures must describe the process to be followed if a facility-provided hose is used for unloading when the cargo tank motor vehicle has a specially equipped delivery hose assembly to meet the requirements of 173.315(n)(2) of this subchapter. 10, 1983; Amdt. (c) Wrappers must be placed near each Disinfection may be by any means effective for neutralizing the material released. (i) No person may transport a Division 2.1 (flammable gas) material that is a cryogenic liquid in a cargo tank motor vehicle unless the pressure of the lading is equal to or less than that used to determine the marked rated holding time (MRHT) and the one-way travel time (OWTT), marked on the cargo tank in conformance with 173.318(g) of this subchapter, is equal to or greater than the elapsed time between the start and termination of travel. [29 FR 18795, Dec. 29, 1964. An automatic cargo-space-heating temperature control device may be used when transporting Class 3 (flammable liquid) or Division 2.1 (flammable gas) materials only if each of the following requirements is met: (1) Electrical apparatus in the cargo compartment is nonsparking or explosion proof. If you work for a Federal agency, use this drafting 1/1.1 Packages having valves or other fittings must be loaded in a manner to minimize the likelihood of damage during transportation. 15, 1976; Amdt. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is the agency that establishes rules for safety in the workplace. (3) There is no flame, either on the catalyst or anywhere in the heater. (e) Handbrake set while loading and unloading. 177.837 Class 3 (flammable liquid) materials. 177-35, 41 FR 16131, Apr. OSHA Required Locks for Trailer Lockout user convenience only and is not intended to alter agency intent (r) Unloading using facility-provided hoses. Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, dealing with the transportation of liquid nitroglycerin, desensitized liquid nitroglycerin or diethylene glycol dinitrate, all of that portion of the lading of any motor vehicle which consists of Class 1 (explosive) materials shall be contained entirely within the body of the motor vehicle or within the horizontal outline thereof, without overhang or projection of any part of the load and if such motor vehicle has a tailboard or tailgate, it shall be closed and secured in place during such transportation. In such cases red electric lanterns, red emergency reflectors or red flags shall be set out in the manner prescribed for disabled or stopped motor vehicles. per pallet and the cylinders must be secured within the pallet by a web strap rated at 4,545 kg (10,000 lbs.). (c) Class 1 (explosive) materials on vehicles in combination. (1) Loading. Related OSHA Safety and Health Topics pages. Identifies logging by many measures as the most hazardous industry in the United States. Nothing contained in this paragraph shall be so construed as to prohibit the fueling of machinery or vehicles used in road construction or maintenance. (1) Whenever tarpaulins are used for covering Class 1 (explosive) materials, they shall be secured by means of rope, wire, or other equally efficient tie downs. The maximum gross weight of Division 2.3 Hazard Zone A material carried on one vehicle must not exceed 3,636 kg (8,000 lbs.). (a) Engine stopped. (5) Heater requirements under 393.77 of this title are complied with. The total transport index of a group of packages and overpacks is determined by adding together the transport index number on the labels on the individual packages and overpacks in the group. He has published instructional material on numerous websites, as well as in collegiate newspapers including "Cherwell" at the University of Oxford and "Quest" at Reed College. (1) Cylinders. They are designed to work with other safety equipment to raise and stabilize the trailer. Special care shall be taken in the loading of any motor vehicle with Class 4 (flammable solid) or Class 5 (oxidizing) materials which are likely to become hazardous to transport when wet, to keep them from being wetted during the loading process and to keep them dry during transit. (iii) Hoses used in the loading or unloading operations are equipped with cable-connected wedges, plungers, or flapper valves located at each end of the hose, able to stop the flow of product from both the source and the receiving tank within one second without human intervention in the event of a hose rupture, disconnection, or separation. Title 49 was last amended 2/03/2023. WebAll tiedowns and other components of a cargo securement system used to secure loads on a trailer equipped with rub rails must be located inboard of the rub rails whenever This is an automated process for The procedures must describe the cargo tank motor vehicle's emergency discharge control features and, for a passive shut-down capability, the parameters within which they are designed to function. The eCFR is displayed with paragraphs split and indented to follow (B) The loading or unloading operations must be physically inspected by a qualified person at least once every sixty (60) minutes. (ii) For deliveries where the qualified person attending the unloading operation cannot maintain an unobstructed view of the cargo tank, when the internal self-closing stop valve is open, the qualified person must observe both the cargo tank and the receiving container at least once every five minutes during unloading operations that take more than five minutes to complete. While the jack is in place, the trailer is immobilized and typically is raised off the ground. You may be involved in loading the pipe onto the trailer but sometimes trailers are pre-loaded at the pickup point. No Division 2.1 (flammable gas) material shall be loaded into or on or unloaded from any cargo tank motor vehicles with the engine running unless the engine is used for the operation of the transfer pump of the vehicle. In addition, by the compliance dates specified in 173.315(n)(5) and 180.405(m)(3) of this subchapter, the cargo tank motor vehicle must have an emergency discharge control capability that meets the requirements of 173.315(n)(2) or 173.315(n)(4) of this subchapter. The agency that is most likely to specifically guide standards for tractor trailers on American highways is the U.S. Department of Transportation's Federal Motor Carrier Safety Division. No packages of Class 1 (explosive) materials shall be thrown or dropped during process of loading or unloading or handling of Class 1 (explosive) materials. (e) No sharp projections inside body of vehicles. Please do not provide confidential Your railings must: For Federal Register citations affecting 177.841, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. (6) The heater unit and its fuel supply must be externally mounted on the truck or trailer. WebA Dock Worker is responsible for the loading and unloading of cargo from containers and trailers in a transportation facility. OSHA For a cargo tank unloading a material meeting the definition for combustible liquid in 173.150(f) of this subchapter, the qualified person attending the unloading operation must remain within 45.72 meters (150 feet) of the cargo tank and 7.62 meters (25 feet) of the delivery hose and must observe both the cargo tank and the receiving container at least once every five minutes during unloading operations that take more than five minutes to complete. will bring you to those results. In all locations, OSHA has jurisdiction over forklift operators and terminal employees who perform loading and unloading operations. Loading (e) Persons should not remain unnecessarily in a vehicle containing Class 7 (radioactive) materials. In addition, OSHA has established a standard that requires "mechanical means" to be used to ensure that a truck is unable to move while being loaded and unloaded. 177-87, 61 FR 27175, May 30, 1996]. This document is available in the following developer friendly formats: Information and documentation can be found in our (3) An IM or UN portable tank equipped with a bottom outlet as authorized in Column (7) of the 172.101 Table of this subchapter by assignment of a T Code in the appropriate proper shipping name entry, and that contains a liquid hazardous material of Class 3, PG I or II, or PG III with a flash point of less than 100 F (38 C); Division 5.1, PG I or II; or Division 6.1, PG I or II, must conform to the outlet requirements in 178.275(d)(3) of this subchapter. [Amdt. A motor vehicle equipped with a cargo heater of any type may transport Class 1 (explosive) materials only if the cargo heater is rendered inoperable by: (i) Draining or removing the cargo heater fuel tank; and. 106A or 110A ( 179.300, 179.301 of this subchapter) that are authorized for the shipment of hazardous materials by highway in part 173 of this subchapter must be carried in accordance with the following requirements: (1) Tanks must be securely chocked or clamped on vehicles to prevent any shifting. The individual beam optics angle provides full illumination along a trailer's length, improving loading dock efficiency. (2) Where more than one group of packages is present in any single storage location, a single group may not have a total transport index greater than 50. (2) All valves and other closures in liquid discharge systems are closed and free of leaks, except external emergency self-closing valves on MC 338 cargo tanks containing the residue of cryogenic liquids may remain either open or closed during transit. Operators need not use instruments or take extraordinary actions to check components not readily visible. Many of the most germane standards for tractor trailers are established by this agency. All pertinent requirements of 173.457 and 173.459 apply. (a) Each motor vehicle used for transporting Class 7 (radioactive) materials under exclusive use conditions in accordance with 173.427(b)(4), 173.427(c), or 173.443(b) of this subchapter must be surveyed with radiation detection instruments after each use. Any package containing any hazardous material, not permanently attached to a motor vehicle, must be secured against shifting, including relative motion between packages, within the vehicle on which it is being transported, under conditions normally incident to transportation. 5, 1967]. Reasonable care should be taken to prevent undue rise in temperature of containers and their contents during transit. (ii) The qualified person observes all loading or unloading operations by means of video cameras and monitors or instrumentation and signaling systems such as sensors, alarms, and electronic surveillance equipment located at a remote control station, and the loading or unloading system is equipped as follows: (A) For a video monitoring system used to meet the attendance requirement, the camera must be mounted so as to provide an unobstructed view of all equipment involved in the loading or unloading operations, including all valves, hoses, domes, and pressure relief devices; (B) For an instrumentation and signaling system used to meet the attendance requirement, the system must provide a surveillance capability at least equal to that of a human observer; (C) Upon loss of video monitoring capability or instrumentation and signaling systems, loading or unloading operations must be immediately terminated; (D) Shut-off valves operable from the remote control station must be provided; (E) In the event of a remote system failure, a qualified person must immediately resume attending the loading or unloading of the cargo tank as provided in paragraph (i)(3)(i) of this section; (F) A containment area must be provided capable of holding the contents of as many cargo tank motor vehicles as might be loaded at any single time; and, (G) A qualified person must personally conduct a visual inspection of each cargo tank motor vehicle after it is loaded, prior to departure, for any damage that may have occurred during loading; or. Figure 3. (3) Cylinders containing material classed as Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A. If the vehicle is provided with placard boards, the placards must be applied to these boards. OSHA regulation is concerned primarily with the security of trucks, trailers and railroad cars as they are loaded or unloaded with powered industrial forklifts. For prohibited loading and storage of hazardous materials, see 177.848. (i) Notwithstanding the segregation requirements of 177.848(d), a cylinder containing a Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A materials may be transported on the same transport vehicle with materials classed as Division 2.1, Class 3, Class 4, Class 5, and Class 8 if all of the following requirements are met: (A) The Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A material must be packaged as authorized by this subchapter. (b) Packages of Class 7 (radioactive) material bearing RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-II or RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-III labels may not be placed in a transport vehicle, storage location or in any other place closer than the distances shown in the following table to any area which may be continuously occupied by any passenger, employee, or animal, nor closer than the distances shown in the table to any package containing undeveloped film (if so marked), and must conform to the following conditions: (1) If more than one of these packages is present, the distance must be computed from the following table on the basis of the total transport index number determined by adding together the transport index number on the labels on the individual packages and overpacks in the vehicle or storeroom. WebBackground on FMCSA and OSHA Requirements: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) regulations state that a driver must not operate a commercial motor vehicle (CMV) if the load isnt properly secured. Workers loading and unloading materials should be instructed in safe procedures appropriate to the material they handle. In loading and storage areas, fissile material packages must be grouped so that the sum of CSIs in any one group is not greater than 50; there may be more than one group of fissile material packages in a loading or storage area, so long as each group is at least 6 m (20 feet) away from all other such groups. In addition, all steel or plastic overpacks containing packages of Division 2.3, Hazard Zone A or Division 2.1 material must be placed on pallets within the transport vehicle. The buffer zone maybe established by: (C) Drums containing hazardous materials (e.g., Class 9) that are compatible with materials in all other drums immediately around them; or. No tools which are likely to damage the effectiveness of the closure of any package or other container, or likely adversely to affect such package or container, shall be used for the loading or unloading of any Class 1 (explosive) material or other dangerous article. What Is the Pop Up Travel Trailer Law in Tennessee? (2) For a cargo tank with a capacity greater than 13,247.5 L (3,500 water gallons), excluding delivery hose and piping, the qualified person attending the unloading operation must remain within 45.72 m (150 feet) of the cargo tank and 7.62 m (25 feet) of the delivery hose when the internal self-closing stop valve is open. Truck or rail tank car loading or the unloading of flammable/combustible liquids is one of the most hazardous operations likely to be undertaken at any manufacturing or storage facility. (ii) disconnecting the heater's power source. Electrical systems within the trailer's interior must be non-sparking or explosion proof. (A) Use restrictions. A cargo tank motor vehicle equipped with a specially designed delivery hose assembly to meet the requirements of 173.315(n)(2) of this subchapter may be unloaded using a delivery hose assembly provided by the receiving facility under the following conditions: (1) The qualified person monitoring unloading must visually examine the facility hose assembly for obvious defects prior to its use in the unloading operation. 1673, 1676 (1994); sec. There are other federal agencies that guide rules for tractor trailers. People that load trailers, must start with the premise that trailer doors do not qualify as securement devices. Ammonium nitrate having organic coating must not be loaded in all-metal vehicles, other than those made of aluminum or aluminum alloys of the closed type. (d) Each transport vehicle used to transport Division 6.2 materials must be disinfected prior to reuse if a Division 6.2 material is released from its packaging during transportation. LII / Legal Information Institute The Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR) is a continuously updated online version of the CFR. formatting. FAR). Loading & unloading Vehicles safely - HSE Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Host employers may require site-specific forklift training of visiting workers, Safety Practices Once Tractor Trailer Drivers Arrive at a Destination, Inspection of Suspension-Type Highway Trailers Prior to Loading and Unloading with Powered Industrial Trucks, Longshoring and Marine Terminals: Fatal Facts, Injury and Illness Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements, Truck Driver Dies After Being Struck By Log That Fell From Logging Truck--North Carolina, Truck Driver Killed when Struck by Log that Rolled off Truck During Loading Operation--Alaska, Truck Driver Dies when a Load of Lumber Falls Over and Crushes Him in California, Motor vehicle accidents are not within OSHA's jurisdiction, 29 CFR 1910.178(m)(b) Powered Industrial Trucks; Truck Operations, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. - Other Regulations Relating to Transportation, - Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Department of Transportation, https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-177/subpart-B. No Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) material shall be transferred from one container to another, or from one motor vehicle to another vehicle, or from another vehicle to a motor vehicle, on any public highway, street, or road, except in case of emergency. Before unloading from a cargo tank motor vehicle containing a liquefied compressed gas, the qualified person performing the function must check those components of the discharge system, including delivery hose assemblies and piping, that are readily observed during the normal course of unloading to assure that they are of sound quality, without obvious defects detectable through visual observation and audio awareness, and that connections are secure. (6) Heater requirements under 393.77 of this title are complied with. This prohibition does not apply if, prior to expiration of the OWTT, the cargo tank is brought to full equilibration as specified in paragraph (j) of this section. 177-57, 48 FR 10247, Mar. (7) The heater unit must retain combustion in a sealed combustion chamber. These vehicles must be kept closed at all times other than loading and unloading. (e) A motor carrier may not transport a package: (1) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(3) of this section, bearing or required to bear a POISON or POISON INHALATION HAZARD label or placard in the same motor vehicle with material that is marked as or known to be foodstuffs, feed or edible material intended for consumption by humans or animals unless the poisonous material is packaged in accordance with this subchapter and is: (i) Overpacked in a metal drum as specified in 173.25(c) of this subchapter; or. A separate drafting site 1 CFR 1.1 A Specification DOT-4L cylinder containing hydrogen, cryogenic liquid may only be transported on a motor vehicle as follows: (i) The vehicle must have an open body equipped with a suitable rack or support having a means to hold the cylinder upright when subjected to an acceleration of 2 g in any horizontal direction; (ii) The combined total of the hydrogen venting rates, as marked, on the cylinders transported on one motor vehicle may not exceed 60 SCF per hour; (iii) The vehicle may not enter a tunnel; and. For shipments transported as exclusive use under the provisions of 173.441(b) of this subchapter for packages with external radiation levels in excess of 2 mSv (200 mrem per hour) at the package surface, the motor vehicle must meet the requirements of a closed transport vehicle (see 173.403 of this subchapter). It also offers a one-stop location to find applicable Department of Transportation (DOT) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) compliance requirements related to worker protection. What Is the OSHA Regulation for Wheel Chocks? | Legal When a cargo tank is unloaded by a suction-piping system through an open filling hole of the cargo tank, electrical continuity shall be maintained from cargo tank to receiving tank. (b) This section does not apply to any vehicle used solely for transporting Class 7 (radioactive) material if a survey of the interior surface shows that the radiation dose rate does not exceed 0.1 mSv per hour (10 mrem per hour) at the interior surface or 0.02 mSv per hour (2 mrem per hour) at 1 meter (3.3 feet) from any interior surface. (h) Division 4.2 (pyrophoric liquid) materials in cylinders. Choosing an item from Loading Dock: Safety Rules & OSHA Compliance - Fallsway No packaging of nitric acid of 50 percent or greater concentration may be loaded above any packaging containing any other kind of material. In addition, its Motor vehicles transporting Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) materials shall have tight floors; shall have that portion of the interior in contact with the load lined with either non-metallic material or non-ferrous metals, except that the lining is not required for truck load shipments loaded by the Departments of the Army, Navy or Air Force of the United States Government provided the Class 1 (explosive) materials are of such nature that they are not liable to leakage of dust, powder, or vapor which might become the cause of an explosion. (a) Packages secured in a motor vehicle. 177.838 Class 4 (flammable solid) materials, Class 5 (oxidizing) materials, and Division 4.2 (self-heating and pyrophoric liquid) materials. First, check that all truck and trailer wheels are or existing codification. These vehicles must be stenciled with the words For Radioactive Materials Use Only in lettering at least 7.6 cm (3 inches) high in a conspicuous place, on both sides of the exterior of the vehicle. Safety Rails for Flatbed Trailer Fall Protection & Loading Dock Trailer trucks must be restrained/chocked during forklift (a) Lading within body or covered; tailgate closed; pick-up and delivery. Restrictions on these devices have two dimensions: Restrictions upon use and restrictions which apply when the device must not be used.