Are there certain inherent and primordial grievances and preferences? History of federal system of government in nigeria. This simply means that federalism in Nigeria provides accommodation, an institutional arrangement which gives the component units equal and coordinate jural status. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Federalism is a defined or is said to be the system where powers are shared between central and regional governments so that each is in a sphere coordinate and are independent. Despite that, instead of unity, cooperation and consensus, there has been apparent division, disagreement, and dissension. The analysis of the emerging issues and scenarios as well as the response options aims at supporting the efforts of different stakeholders including the Federal government on managing the current pro-Biafra agitation. The Plural nature of Nigeria. Nigeria. stream And this is one of the factors responsible for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. As at the time of independence, the population of Nigeria was estimated at 45.21 million. In developing countries like India, Iraq and Nigeria, federalism has either failed to close developmental gaps and ethno-communal tensions among various states or, more worryingly, in some. Now, because the level of the development of the productive forces was still at a rudimentary stage, the pervasiveness of commodity relations was equally at a low level. Federalism, Nigerian Federal Constitution and the Practice of << Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government . This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Excellent, thanks a lot f Asst. REASONS FOR ADOPTION OF FEDERALISM According to IDEA (2015:3), federalism is adoption for the following reasons: Scale: This credited the operation of federalism to the adoption of democracy which allowed for citizens to participate directly in political life. After nearly three decades of cumulative military rule, the country returned to civilian governance in 1999 under a presidential system of government. In a Unitary system, the minority states cannot govern the entire region which is controlled by majority. As one of the most effective frameworks for governing a pluralistic society, Nigeria adopted Federalism to manage her multi-ethnic state. Naturally, federal system of government has some distinctive features namely: 1. Nigeria are typically inclined to the derivation principle, which is the process of distributing centrally generated revenue to constituent units with regards to the contribution made by a group to the country's more 12substantial income. The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. The main goal of the Convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation, the agreement that governed the 13 colonies and was adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, shortly after the end of the Revolutionary War . Another reason why federalism is adopted by any country is that of its population. There may be no point, of course, boring ones moment with such lengthy activity of working out their conceptual nuances. Federalism Complicates the Response to the COVID-19 Health and Economic Size and population of a country is among the determinants of the level of power and influence which a country commands. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. This paper is a critical exploration of the current challenges bedeviling the Nigerian state, capable of heating up the polity and disintegrating the Nigerian project. The leaders also were from different major tribes and also wanted a level of power. This type of government is also known as a "federation" or a "federal state" in common parlance (eg., United States of America). The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. This paper explores the issue of unification federalism in Nigeria, which has been an obstacle to peace, development and threats to security .The findings from an extensive reading of related materials suggest that, the root of contemporary political conflict and underdevelopment in Nigeria political landscape shows clearly in the area of 7 Cooperative federalism was dominant from the 1930s through the 1970s. Federalism is a type of government in which the sovereign authority of political power is usually divided between two units. The Hausa Fulani and the Minorities feared the domination of political powers by the Igbos and Yorubas. /F2 9 0 R Download Defensive Federalism [PDF] Format for Free - Clemson Parade On the contrary it has also been suggested that is created more diversity and conflict for the nation to grapple with. Peter W I L F R E D Naankiel, FRED EKPE F. AYOKHAI, Covenant University Journal of Politics and International Affairs, African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, African Journal of Governance and Development, Calabar Journal of Politics and Administration, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, Institutional Engineering and the Survival of Nigerian Federalism, " Managing a Plural Society : the Boomerang Effects of Nigerian Federalism' Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics , 27, 1-2 (July 1989), 218-245, An Historical Interrogation of Federalism berlin, THE PRACTICE OF TRUE FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE NIGER DELTA QUESTION, "The dawn of constitutionalism in Nigeria in Mbondenyi, M. K., and Ojienda T. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. PDF Nigerian Federalism: Issues, Challenges and Prospects Nigeria is confronted to the boomerang effects of the evolution of its federalism. politicization of ethnicity or the ethnicization of the politics of state creation that Nigeria has witnessed in recent years. Thus, there is continuous agitation by many ethnic nationalities for a sovereign national conference in order to renegotiate the Nigeria federal deal to put Nigeria on the path of true federalism to guarantee her unity and co-existence. Also, Read: Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. 1. International Relations - PRAHAAR | PDF | Joint Comprehensive Plan Of Federalism did not return to Nigeria until after his death. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. Federalism - Federal Features of Indian Constitution For UPSC! PDF Introduction: Federalism in Nigeria - JSTOR Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria. This makes it possible for the minorities to be separated from the domination of big ethnic groups. The Attorney General sought to know whether the 13% sharing formula of the oil producing states should include revenue from oil producing states should include revenue from oil production activities off shore. Military administration does not apply the principle of federation. - Cooperative or "marble-cake" federalism is de ned as a exible relationship between the national and state government in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs. Policy Brief on the agitation for cessation of Biafra republic from the Nigerian state, response to the agitation and the options to address the issues. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Air Plan Approval; Texas; New Source Review Updates for Project Therefore, the adoption of a federal political framework in Nigeria was a necessity as the system was the only viable option for a multi-ethnic country like Nigeria. Ethnic, Religious and Geographical Factor 3.5 5. Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. 33 The Marriage Act, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 1990, sec 18 specifically stipulates: "If either party to an intended marriage, not being a Consent widower or widow, is under twenty-one years of age, the written consent of the father, or if he be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the mother, or if both be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the . From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. Problems facing the legal profession in Nigeria, History of the legal profession in Nigeria, Problems of Local Government in Nigeria And Solutions, 5 important Characteristic of customary law, Sources of Nigerian Law: everything you need to know. Over the years the fiscal federalism in Nigeria has crystallised and remained . It also shows the growth rate as an engine to the development of economies of developing countries like Nigeria in this 21p century. More so, the colonial masters with the Richards Constitution in 1947 launched Nigeria onto the path of the present federal system of government via the regionalization of the country. American Federalism - 56 American Federalism 2 Listen to Chapter 2 on The fact that these nations chose to adopt a federal system does not prove anything; it does, however, suggest that federalism may help these countries manage the problems that come with ethnic . /Subtype /Image It will schock you to know Nigerias adoption of federalism was also in the interest of the leaders. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. We hope to seeing you again on other posts of interest. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. By the time Nigeria got her independence, the various party involved had been regionally based. << Fourthly, there shall be the existence of court to interpret the constitution as it applies to cases and conflicts among the tiers of government. Biafrans who are geographically in the South and SouthEast of Ni-geria feel and believe that their economic and developmental prowess are not well represented in the Nigerian state, and this lack of representation leads to marginalization. /F3 12 0 R Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. Useful tips on how to download from YouTube using SS, 10 most delicious Nigerian dishes for dinner, "Youve admitted election was flawed", Atiku replies Tinubu campaign, Whitney Adeyemi: Protest Hits Lagos as Residents Besiege Chrisland School, Long Fulani tribal braids: 30 beautiful styles to try out, Old Naira notes: 5 key things to know about Supreme Court's final verdict, "Precious don finish work": Little girl with 'anointing' prays passionately over food as mum watches, video trends. Reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria - Legit.ng It should be noted, however, that the Leagues significantly differ from modern federations in one respect: namely, while the various governments freely interacted, no prosperous direct contact between the populace of the various governments was permitted. Very often, the problem has appeared in twofold. Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? Each state has the same level of self-governance. Federalism | PDF | Federalism | Decentralization } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br ICT and Its Impact on National Development In Nigeria: An Overview Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance, Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria, How To Calculate OAU Aggregate Score for Admission, Best Education Websites and Blogs In Nigeria (2021), Lakzeland Regional High School Board Of Education, Student Loan Planning Educational Webinar With Justin Rice, Is Agricultural Chemicals a Good Career Path? It was subsequently, not until after the American constitution of 1787, that a new concept of federalism was introduced. Multi-Ethnicity Nigeria is a country with a lot of ethnic groups. Journal of public administration and Management Vol.6,No.12, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Economic factors in adoption of federalism in Nigeria are not unconnected with the issues of resource control, wealth generation and redistribution, and income distribution. In order to examine these issues, this paper adopted qualitative research and intrinsic approach methodology, along with relative deprivation theory. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. No doubt, the Ethnic, Religious and Geographical nature of Nigeria also contributed to the reason why federalism was adopted. government and the governed by enhancing political cohesion in such country with regional, ethic, racial, linguistic and cultural diversity like Nigeria. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. This feature of federalism is widely believed to be a veritable framework for even and need-sensitive development. MCC Vol 2 No 1 Article 04.pdf, GJ #2018, 2, Globalization and Federation in Peril: Renewed Agitations for Statehood and the Future of Nigerian State, by A. M. Maigari and U. Dantani, GLOBALIZATION AND FEDERATION IN PERIL: RENEWED AGITATIONS FOR STATEHOOD AND THE FUTURE OF NIGERIAN STATE, RESTRUCTURING NIGERIA: BEYOND POLITICAL RHETORIC AND THE MORAL PANIC, PDF copy of Published paper on Agitation and restructuring.pdf, ESSAYS ON RIGHT TO SELF DETERMINATION AS A PEREMPTORY NORM AND THE LIMITATION IN EXERCISING THAT RIGHT.pdf, Federalism, Military Legacies and the Restructuring Debate in Contemporary Nigeria, Legal Aid Journal of Legal Issues Vol. Federalism: Federal Features in the Colonial State." A chronology of critical events in Nigeria's political development from the adoption of a federal system in 1954 to the present is provided in Table 1. >> In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. Send the Following Details on WhatsApp ( 08143831497) After Payment. Federalism was basically introduced to bring about peace and unity in the different regions of the country. Prior to independence, it is believed that the British adopted federalism because it favored their interest. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. Secondly, are these groups well pleased, or do they at least accept such manipulative placements? Nigeria: A Federation in Search of Federalism It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. Besides this desire, there was also the presence of certain socio-economic conditions (Babalola, 2013 . Death of a nation - Biafra and the Nigerian question.pdf, The politics and problem of fiscal federalism and revenue allocation formula in Nigeria: Who should get what, how, when and why, Resource Control: a Necessary Element for True Federalism in Nigeria, THE IMPACT OF STATE JOINT LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNT ON STATE LOCAL RELATIONS IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA, MEMORANDUM ON TRUE FEDERALISM SUBMITTED BY THE 'RESTRUCTURE NIGERIA' COMMUNITY AS A RESPONSE TO THE APC COMMITTEE CALL ON TRUE FEDERALISM, THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES The Legal Framework for the Corporate Existence of Nigeria, Intricacies and paradoxes federalism and secessionism in Nigeria.pdf, Civic Education Curriculum Implementation, NIGERIAN FEDERALISM AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: PURSUIT, PROSPECTS AND IMPEDIMENTS TO UNITY AND NATION BUILDING, Constitutions Making, Amendments, Reviews and Nigerias Political Development: Nigeria- Constitutional Developments Political Economy Judiciary and Rt. (PDF) Intricacies and paradoxes federalism and secessionism in Nigeria Federalism was the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the leaders and the citizens and that was why federalism was adopted into the Nigerian political system. Also, the adoption of the Littleton constitution of 1954 laid further credence to . The federal system adopted in 1954 comprised a national government and three regional governments: Eastern, Northern, and Western. By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. 1 Issue 2, BETWEEN THE PRISMS OF NECESSITY AND LEGALITY - THE IPOB PROSCRIPTION IN CONTESTATION_pp.43-57, RE-THINKING BIAFRA IDEOLOGY OF SELF-DETERMINATION IN NIGERIA, A (UN)JUST AND (UN)HOLY WAR? Federalism was favoured among other systems of government in a bid to averting both fancied and real fear of domination among the minorities. NIGERIAN FEDERALISM: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS - Academia.edu >> One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. PDF Federalism and Democracy: Beyond the U.S. Model - UNPA +roiF9_? AK ku nh4P9\ }}31Ik "V mk@G~ . Federalism as a system of government which is meant to help to advance good governance and development of a multi-ethnic and big country like Nigeria. On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. 2. CLICK HERE To Pay With Debit Card ($15) GHANA - Make Payment of 80 GHS to MTN MoMo, 0553978005, Douglas Osabutey. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. In a unitary constitution which opposes federal principles, everything belongs to the central government; the federating unit does not exist, let alone agitating for resource control. Federal System of Government/Federalism | Week 8. By the time Nigeria became a republic, the system of federalism was adopted and the country was considered as a federation of three regions. Also see: Reasons why lawyers wear wigs to court, Origin and nature of federalism in Nigeria. Nigeria has been dubbed as a product of British colonial suturing. PDF Federalism in Nigeria: Accommodating Diversity and Promoting Stability The Plural nature of Nigeria: Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. A large body of literature exists on Nigeria's fiscal federalism particularly with reference to revenue allocation. This was one of the major reasons for the creation of the newer and smaller states after the independence. It was under the 1954 constitution that federal system of government was fully adopted. Federalism in India - Analysis of the Indian Constitution What are the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? The powers that exist between the federal and state government also depends on the constitution. From the onset, Nigeria, like most of her federating peers, has faced one major challenge in the course of her political voyage - the crisis of who is who. Ordinarily and without much logicality, by who is who, one means the problematic and destructive component of identity. In this article, I will elucidate and discuss with references the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. a group of selected academic teachers this book is suitable for adoption as a resource for a case driven approach to teaching "Corporate Governance" courses at an upper undergraduate or graduate level.